What cultivation or forest management models have helped international agriculture and forestry enterprises successfully generate carbon credits?

The cultivation and forest management models that have helped international agriculture and forestry enterprises successfully generate carbon credits are presented systematically and in detail within international projects and standards related to forest carbon credits. These models include: sustainable forest management models, the REDD+ project, afforestation and reforestation models, and agroforestry models.

The Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) model is the most common model, focusing on protecting existing natural forests (such as special-use forests and protection forests), enhancing forest productivity and carbon stock, and controlling deforestation and forest degradation. This not only reduces emissions but also increases CO₂ absorption. For example, projects in many countries have implemented sustainable forest management certification, which is internationally recognized with strict measurement standards according to ISO 14065 and IPCC guidelines.147

Furthermore, the REDD+ project (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) is an international mechanism that supports the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, while promoting forest conservation and restoration. The REDD+ project generates carbon credits by calculating the amount of emissions avoided or the increase in carbon stock compared to the baseline. A typical example is the REDD+ project in Hieu commune, Kon Plong district, Kon Tum province, Vietnam. This project has successfully reduced deforestation and forest degradation while improving community livelihoods. The voluntary carbon credit market has purchased credits from the project, demonstrating the success of applying this model.148

For Afforestation/Reforestation projects, enterprises apply techniques for planting large-timber forests, promoting biodiversity, using native tree species, and post-planting management techniques to increase forest carbon stock. This model effectively helps absorb CO₂ and generates high-value carbon credits in the international market.149

The Agroforestry model integrates agricultural cultivation with forestry or perennial crops to increase carbon absorption, conserve soil, enhance biodiversity, and increase community income. Agroforestry projects are designed with long-term credit cycles, ensuring the sustainability and stability of the generated carbon credits.

Generally, cultivation and forest management models such as SFM, REDD+, afforestation/reforestation, and agroforestry not only play a crucial role in reducing emissions and absorbing CO₂ but also generate high-quality carbon credits recognized in the international market. Applying these models helps agriculture and forestry enterprises not only meet sustainable development goals but also expand opportunities to access climate finance and enhance brand value in the context of a globally prioritized green economy.

References

147. Ly, K. (2024). Maximizing the benefits of forest carbon credits. Department of Climate Change. http://www.dcc.gov.vn/tin-tuc/4021/Phat-huy-ngu%C3%B4n-loi-tin-chi-cac-bon-tu-rung.html
148. Nguyễn, T.D. (2021). Lessons learned from the REDD+ Plan Vivo Project in Hieu Commune, Kon Plong District, Kon Tum Province: Integration into REDD+ implementation in Vietnam. Forestry Projects Management Board. https://daln.gov.vn/bai-hoc-kinh-nghiem-tu-du-an-redd-plan-vivo-xa-hieu-huyen-kon-plong-tinh-kon-tum-long-ghep-trong-viec-thuc-thi-redd-tai-viet-nam.26963.news
149. Hoàng, V. M. (2025). Sustainable forest carbon credits, a new direction for the Net Zero goal. Lao Động Newspaper. https://laodong.vn/moi-truong/tin-chi-carbon-tu-rung-ben-vung-huong-di-moi-cho-muc-tieu-net-zero-1543644.ldo