[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":454},["ShallowReactive",2],{"navigation_docs_en":3,"-en-part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits-important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits":345,"-en-part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits-important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits-surround":449},[4,77,142,193,244,300,341],{"title":5,"icon":6,"items":7,"path":21,"stem":22,"children":23,"page":6},"PART 1: CONCEPTS AND LEGAL DOCUMENTS RELATED TO CARBON CREDITS",false,[8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20],"00.acknowledge","01.what-is-a-carbon-credit","02.what-are-compliance-and-voluntary-carbon-markets","03.what-is-mrv-and-why-is-it-important","04.important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits","05.vietnamese-legal-documents-related-to-the-carbon-market","06.common-carbon-credit-standards-mechanisms-currently-applied","07.how-does-the-voluntary-carbon-market-differ-from-the-pilot-emission-trading-system-ets-in-vietna","08.when-will-the-ets-market-officially-operate-in-vietnam","09.which-exchange-will-enterprises-use-to-trade-carbon-credits-can-they-trade-through-the-hanoi-sto","10.how-do-carbon-credits-and-emission-quotas-differ","11.can-vietnam-connect-carbon-credits-with-the-international-market-through-mechanisms-such-as-cdm","12.if-an-enterprise-exceeds-the-permitted-emission-level-in-the-ets-how-will-it-be-handled","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits",[24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,69,73],{"title":25,"path":26,"stem":27},"Acknowledgment - Carbon Market Handbook for Vietnamese SMEs","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/acknowledge","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/00.acknowledge",{"title":29,"path":30,"stem":31},"What is a Carbon Credit? | Definition, Value, and Trading","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/what-is-a-carbon-credit","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/01.what-is-a-carbon-credit",{"title":33,"path":34,"stem":35},"Compliance vs Voluntary Carbon Markets | Key Differences","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/what-are-compliance-and-voluntary-carbon-markets","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/02.what-are-compliance-and-voluntary-carbon-markets",{"title":37,"path":38,"stem":39},"MRV Meaning | Measurement, Reporting, and Verification Explained","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/what-is-mrv-and-why-is-it-important","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/03.what-is-mrv-and-why-is-it-important",{"title":41,"path":42,"stem":43},"International Legal Instruments for Carbon Credits | Kyoto Protocol & Paris Agreement","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/04.important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits",{"title":45,"path":46,"stem":47},"Vietnamese Carbon Market Laws | Decrees, Circulars, and Regulations","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/vietnamese-legal-documents-related-to-the-carbon-market","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/05.vietnamese-legal-documents-related-to-the-carbon-market",{"title":49,"path":50,"stem":51},"Carbon Credit Standards | VCS, Gold Standard, and CDM Explained","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/common-carbon-credit-standards-mechanisms-currently-applied","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/06.common-carbon-credit-standards-mechanisms-currently-applied",{"title":53,"path":54,"stem":55},"Voluntary Market vs Vietnam ETS | Key Differences Compared","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/how-does-the-voluntary-carbon-market-differ-from-the-pilot-emission-trading-system-ets-in-vietna","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/07.how-does-the-voluntary-carbon-market-differ-from-the-pilot-emission-trading-system-ets-in-vietna",{"title":57,"path":58,"stem":59},"Vietnam ETS Launch Date | Emission Trading System Timeline","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/when-will-the-ets-market-officially-operate-in-vietnam","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/08.when-will-the-ets-market-officially-operate-in-vietnam",{"title":61,"path":62,"stem":63},"Hanoi Stock Exchange HNX | Vietnam Carbon Credit Trading Platform","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/which-exchange-will-enterprises-use-to-trade-carbon-credits-can-they-trade-through-the-hanoi-sto","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/09.which-exchange-will-enterprises-use-to-trade-carbon-credits-can-they-trade-through-the-hanoi-sto",{"title":65,"path":66,"stem":67,"index":68},"Carbon Credits vs Emission Quotas | Key Differences Explained","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/how-do-carbon-credits-and-emission-quotas-differ","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/10.how-do-carbon-credits-and-emission-quotas-differ",10,{"title":70,"path":71,"stem":72},"Vietnam Carbon Market International Linkages | CDM, JCM, Paris Agreement","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/can-vietnam-connect-carbon-credits-with-the-international-market-through-mechanisms-such-as-cdm","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/11.can-vietnam-connect-carbon-credits-with-the-international-market-through-mechanisms-such-as-cdm",{"title":74,"path":75,"stem":76},"Exceeding ETS Emission Limits | Compliance and Penalty Handling","/en/part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/if-an-enterprise-exceeds-the-permitted-emission-level-in-the-ets-how-will-it-be-handled","en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/12.if-an-enterprise-exceeds-the-permitted-emission-level-in-the-ets-how-will-it-be-handled",{"title":78,"icon":6,"items":79,"path":90,"stem":91,"children":92,"page":6},"PART 2: FROM EMISSION CALCULATION TO IMPLEMENTATION OF EMISSION REDUCTION PROJECTS",[80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89],"01.how-does-an-sme-calculate-its-total-greenhouse-gas-emissions-carbon-footprint","02.which-emission-factors-should-sme-enterprises-use-that-are-suitable-for-conditions-in-vietnam","03.is-indirect-emissions-in-the-supply-chain-scope-3-mandatory-to-calculate-should-smes-calculate-i","04.can-enterprises-in-different-sectors-use-sector-specific-emission-factors","05.methodological-database-of-verified-carbon-standard-vcs-and-gold-standard","06.what-low-cost-emission-reduction-solutions-are-suitable-for-smes-in-vietnam","07.what-documents-and-certifications-are-necessary-to-prove-a-project-is-eligible-for-carbon-credit","08.can-smes-jointly-implement-a-common-project-to-share-the-costs-of-measurement-reporting-and-veri","09.how-long-does-it-usually-take-for-a-project-to-be-registered-verified-and-issued-carbon-credits","10.what-is-the-specific-mrv-process-according-to-the-guidance-of-the-ministry-of-agriculture-and-en","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects",[93,98,103,108,113,118,123,128,133,138],{"title":94,"path":95,"stem":96,"index":97},"How SMEs Calculate Carbon Footprint | GHG Inventory Guide for Vietnam","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/how-does-an-sme-calculate-its-total-greenhouse-gas-emissions-carbon-footprint","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/01.how-does-an-sme-calculate-its-total-greenhouse-gas-emissions-carbon-footprint",1,{"title":99,"path":100,"stem":101,"index":102},"Emission Factors for SMEs in Vietnam | MONRE Guidelines","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/which-emission-factors-should-sme-enterprises-use-that-are-suitable-for-conditions-in-vietnam","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/02.which-emission-factors-should-sme-enterprises-use-that-are-suitable-for-conditions-in-vietnam",2,{"title":104,"path":105,"stem":106,"index":107},"Is Scope 3 Emissions Mandatory for SMEs in Vietnam?","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/is-indirect-emissions-in-the-supply-chain-scope-3-mandatory-to-calculate-should-smes-calculate-i","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/03.is-indirect-emissions-in-the-supply-chain-scope-3-mandatory-to-calculate-should-smes-calculate-i",3,{"title":109,"path":110,"stem":111,"index":112},"Sector-Specific Emission Factors in Vietnam | Industry Guidelines","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/can-enterprises-in-different-sectors-use-sector-specific-emission-factors","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/04.can-enterprises-in-different-sectors-use-sector-specific-emission-factors",4,{"title":114,"path":115,"stem":116,"index":117},"VCS and Gold Standard Methodologies | Carbon Credit Project Guide","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/methodological-database-of-verified-carbon-standard-vcs-and-gold-standard","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/05.methodological-database-of-verified-carbon-standard-vcs-and-gold-standard",5,{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121,"index":122},"Low-Cost Emission Reduction Solutions for Vietnamese SMEs","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/what-low-cost-emission-reduction-solutions-are-suitable-for-smes-in-vietnam","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/06.what-low-cost-emission-reduction-solutions-are-suitable-for-smes-in-vietnam",6,{"title":124,"path":125,"stem":126,"index":127},"Carbon Credit Project Documents | Vietnam Ministry of Agriculture and Environment","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/what-documents-and-certifications-are-necessary-to-prove-a-project-is-eligible-for-carbon-credit","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/07.what-documents-and-certifications-are-necessary-to-prove-a-project-is-eligible-for-carbon-credit",7,{"title":129,"path":130,"stem":131,"index":132},"Programme of Activities (PoA) for Vietnamese SMEs | Shared MRV Costs","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/can-smes-jointly-implement-a-common-project-to-share-the-costs-of-measurement-reporting-and-veri","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/08.can-smes-jointly-implement-a-common-project-to-share-the-costs-of-measurement-reporting-and-veri",8,{"title":134,"path":135,"stem":136,"index":137},"Carbon Credit Project Timeline | Registration to Issuance in Vietnam","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/how-long-does-it-usually-take-for-a-project-to-be-registered-verified-and-issued-carbon-credits","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/09.how-long-does-it-usually-take-for-a-project-to-be-registered-verified-and-issued-carbon-credits",9,{"title":139,"path":140,"stem":141,"index":68},"Vietnam MRV Process | Ministry of Agriculture and Environment Guidelines","/en/part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/what-is-the-specific-mrv-process-according-to-the-guidance-of-the-ministry-of-agriculture-and-en","en/02.part-2-from-emission-calculation-to-implementation-of-emission-reduction-projects/10.what-is-the-specific-mrv-process-according-to-the-guidance-of-the-ministry-of-agriculture-and-en",{"title":143,"icon":6,"items":144,"path":154,"stem":155,"children":156,"page":6},"PART 3: FINANCE AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS FROM CARBON CREDITS",[145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153],"01.what-price-usd-credit-can-sme-enterprises-expect-for-selling-carbon-credits","02.what-green-credit-options-are-being-offered-by-domestic-banks-such-as-bidv-and-vietinbank","03.can-enterprises-receive-tax-exemptions-reductions-if-they-implement-emission-reduction-projects","04.can-carbon-credits-be-used-as-collateral-mortgage-for-loans","05.how-should-smes-plan-costs-for-mrv-activities","06.what-are-the-financial-risks-that-smes-need-to-be-aware-of-e-g-price-volatility-increased-verifi","07.can-businesses-access-blended-finance-from-the-international-finance-corporation-ifc-the-world-b","08.how-to-value-co-benefits-such-as-contributions-to-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-or-biodiver","09.can-carbon-credits-help-smes-cope-with-the-european-unions-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism-cb","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits",[157,161,165,169,173,177,181,185,189],{"title":158,"path":159,"stem":160,"index":97},"Carbon Credit Price Vietnam | USD/credit Expected for SMEs","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/what-price-usd-credit-can-sme-enterprises-expect-for-selling-carbon-credits","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/01.what-price-usd-credit-can-sme-enterprises-expect-for-selling-carbon-credits",{"title":162,"path":163,"stem":164,"index":102},"Green Credit Options Vietnam | BIDV and VietinBank Programs","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/what-green-credit-options-are-being-offered-by-domestic-banks-such-as-bidv-and-vietinbank","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/02.what-green-credit-options-are-being-offered-by-domestic-banks-such-as-bidv-and-vietinbank",{"title":166,"path":167,"stem":168,"index":107},"Tax Incentives for Emission Reduction Projects in Vietnam","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/can-enterprises-receive-tax-exemptions-reductions-if-they-implement-emission-reduction-projects","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/03.can-enterprises-receive-tax-exemptions-reductions-if-they-implement-emission-reduction-projects",{"title":170,"path":171,"stem":172,"index":112},"Carbon Credits as Collateral | Mortgage for Loans in Vietnam","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/can-carbon-credits-be-used-as-collateral-mortgage-for-loans","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/04.can-carbon-credits-be-used-as-collateral-mortgage-for-loans",{"title":174,"path":175,"stem":176,"index":117},"MRV Cost Planning for Vietnamese SMEs | Budget Guide","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/how-should-smes-plan-costs-for-mrv-activities","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/05.how-should-smes-plan-costs-for-mrv-activities",{"title":178,"path":179,"stem":180,"index":122},"Financial Risks for Vietnamese SMEs in Carbon Market | Price Volatility","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/what-are-the-financial-risks-that-smes-need-to-be-aware-of-e-g-price-volatility-increased-verifi","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/06.what-are-the-financial-risks-that-smes-need-to-be-aware-of-e-g-price-volatility-increased-verifi",{"title":182,"path":183,"stem":184,"index":127},"Blended Finance for Vietnamese SMEs | IFC, World Bank, ADB Support","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/can-businesses-access-blended-finance-from-the-international-finance-corporation-ifc-the-world-b","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/07.can-businesses-access-blended-finance-from-the-international-finance-corporation-ifc-the-world-b",{"title":186,"path":187,"stem":188,"index":132},"Valuing Co-Benefits SDGs and Biodiversity | Carbon Credit Projects","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/how-to-value-co-benefits-such-as-contributions-to-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-or-biodiver","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/08.how-to-value-co-benefits-such-as-contributions-to-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-or-biodiver",{"title":190,"path":191,"stem":192,"index":137},"Carbon Credits for CBAM Compliance | European Union Border Mechanism","/en/part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/can-carbon-credits-help-smes-cope-with-the-european-unions-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism-cb","en/03.part-3-finance-and-economic-benefits-from-carbon-credits/09.can-carbon-credits-help-smes-cope-with-the-european-unions-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism-cb",{"title":194,"icon":6,"items":195,"path":205,"stem":206,"children":207,"page":6},"PART 4: TOOLS, TRAINING, AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR SMEs",[196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203,204],"01.where-can-businesses-find-guidance-documents-and-forms-ministry-of-agriculture-and-environment-c","02.does-vietnam-have-any-verification-organizations-recognized-according-to-international-standards","03.what-software-can-support-sme-businesses-in-tracking-and-reporting-emissions","04.how-to-train-internal-staff-on-emissions-tracking-and-carbon-data-management","05.can-businesses-apply-blockchain-technology-or-qr-codes-to-enhance-the-transparency-of-the-mrv-pr","06.what-platforms-or-networks-support-sme-cooperation-and-experience-sharing-e-g-carbon-market-foru","07.which-universities-and-non-governmental-organizations-ngos-can-support-smes-in-designing-or-veri","08.how-can-businesses-regularly-update-new-policies-regarding-the-carbon-market-in-vietnam","09.what-existing-public-private-partnership-ppp-models-help-smes-implement-carbon-projects","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes",[208,212,216,220,224,228,232,236,240],{"title":209,"path":210,"stem":211,"index":97},"Guidance Documents Vietnam Carbon Market | MONRE, GIZ, VCCI Resources","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/where-can-businesses-find-guidance-documents-and-forms-ministry-of-agriculture-and-environment-c","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/01.where-can-businesses-find-guidance-documents-and-forms-ministry-of-agriculture-and-environment-c",{"title":213,"path":214,"stem":215,"index":102},"Verification Organizations Vietnam | TUV, Bureau Veritas, SGS Accredited","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/does-vietnam-have-any-verification-organizations-recognized-according-to-international-standards","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/02.does-vietnam-have-any-verification-organizations-recognized-according-to-international-standards",{"title":217,"path":218,"stem":219,"index":107},"SME Emissions Tracking Software | Vietnam Carbon Accounting Tools","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/what-software-can-support-sme-businesses-in-tracking-and-reporting-emissions","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/03.what-software-can-support-sme-businesses-in-tracking-and-reporting-emissions",{"title":221,"path":222,"stem":223,"index":112},"Train SME Staff on Emissions Tracking | Carbon Data Management Vietnam","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/how-to-train-internal-staff-on-emissions-tracking-and-carbon-data-management","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/04.how-to-train-internal-staff-on-emissions-tracking-and-carbon-data-management",{"title":225,"path":226,"stem":227,"index":117},"Blockchain and QR codes for MRV | Vietnam Emissions Transparency","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/can-businesses-apply-blockchain-technology-or-qr-codes-to-enhance-the-transparency-of-the-mrv-pr","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/05.can-businesses-apply-blockchain-technology-or-qr-codes-to-enhance-the-transparency-of-the-mrv-pr",{"title":229,"path":230,"stem":231,"index":122},"SME Carbon Market Platforms | Vietnam Cooperation Networks","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/what-platforms-or-networks-support-sme-cooperation-and-experience-sharing-e-g-carbon-market-foru","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/06.what-platforms-or-networks-support-sme-cooperation-and-experience-sharing-e-g-carbon-market-foru",{"title":233,"path":234,"stem":235,"index":127},"Universities and NGOs Supporting Vietnamese SMEs | Carbon Project Design","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/which-universities-and-non-governmental-organizations-ngos-can-support-smes-in-designing-or-veri","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/07.which-universities-and-non-governmental-organizations-ngos-can-support-smes-in-designing-or-veri",{"title":237,"path":238,"stem":239,"index":132},"Vietnam Carbon Market Policy Updates | MONRE, VCCI, VBCSD Sources","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/how-can-businesses-regularly-update-new-policies-regarding-the-carbon-market-in-vietnam","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/08.how-can-businesses-regularly-update-new-policies-regarding-the-carbon-market-in-vietnam",{"title":241,"path":242,"stem":243,"index":137},"PPP Models for SME Carbon Projects | Vietnam Examples","/en/part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/what-existing-public-private-partnership-ppp-models-help-smes-implement-carbon-projects","en/04.part-4-tools-training-and-technical-support-for-smes/09.what-existing-public-private-partnership-ppp-models-help-smes-implement-carbon-projects",{"title":245,"icon":6,"items":246,"path":257,"stem":258,"children":259,"page":6},"PART 5: RISK GOVERNANCE, TRANSPARENCY, AND GOOD PRACTICES",[247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256],"01.how-to-avoid-greenwashing-and-ensure-project-credibility","02.what-is-the-criterion-for-assessing-additionality-in-a-project","03.what-happens-if-a-project-fails-to-achieve-the-committed-emission-reduction-targets","04.how-to-control-the-risk-of-leakage-and-ensure-permanence","05.what-is-vietnam-doing-to-prevent-double-counting","06.how-should-sme-businesses-react-if-ets-regulations-change-suddenly","07.what-mechanisms-ensure-transparency-when-registering-and-trading-carbon-credits","08.how-to-demonstrate-co-benefits-social-ecosystem-to-attract-investors","09.what-governance-principles-should-smes-follow-to-ensure-transparency-throughout-the-entire-cycle","10.transparency-governance-checklist-for-smes-participating-in-the-carbon-market","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices",[260,264,268,272,276,280,284,288,292,296],{"title":261,"path":262,"stem":263,"index":97},"Avoid Greenwashing and Ensure Project Credibility | MRV Framework Vietnam","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/how-to-avoid-greenwashing-and-ensure-project-credibility","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/01.how-to-avoid-greenwashing-and-ensure-project-credibility",{"title":265,"path":266,"stem":267,"index":102},"Additionality Assessment in Vietnam | Project Credibility Criteria","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/what-is-the-criterion-for-assessing-additionality-in-a-project","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/02.what-is-the-criterion-for-assessing-additionality-in-a-project",{"title":269,"path":270,"stem":271,"index":107},"Project Target Failure Consequences | Credit Issuance Vietnam","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/what-happens-if-a-project-fails-to-achieve-the-committed-emission-reduction-targets","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/03.what-happens-if-a-project-fails-to-achieve-the-committed-emission-reduction-targets",{"title":273,"path":274,"stem":275,"index":112},"Leakage Control and Permanence | Vietnam AFOLU Project Measures","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/how-to-control-the-risk-of-leakage-and-ensure-permanence","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/04.how-to-control-the-risk-of-leakage-and-ensure-permanence",{"title":277,"path":278,"stem":279,"index":117},"Vietnam Double Counting Prevention | MRV Registry and Article 6","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/what-is-vietnam-doing-to-prevent-double-counting","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/05.what-is-vietnam-doing-to-prevent-double-counting",{"title":281,"path":282,"stem":283,"index":122},"ETS Regulation Changes | SME Response Strategy Vietnam","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/how-should-sme-businesses-react-if-ets-regulations-change-suddenly","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/06.how-should-sme-businesses-react-if-ets-regulations-change-suddenly",{"title":285,"path":286,"stem":287,"index":127},"Transparency Mechanisms Vietnam Carbon Credits | HNX Exchange and MRV Registry","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/what-mechanisms-ensure-transparency-when-registering-and-trading-carbon-credits","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/07.what-mechanisms-ensure-transparency-when-registering-and-trading-carbon-credits",{"title":289,"path":290,"stem":291,"index":132},"Demonstrate Co-Benefits | Attract Investors Vietnam Carbon Projects","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/how-to-demonstrate-co-benefits-social-ecosystem-to-attract-investors","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/08.how-to-demonstrate-co-benefits-social-ecosystem-to-attract-investors",{"title":293,"path":294,"stem":295,"index":137},"SME Governance Principles | Vietnam Carbon Market Transparency","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/what-governance-principles-should-smes-follow-to-ensure-transparency-throughout-the-entire-cycle","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/09.what-governance-principles-should-smes-follow-to-ensure-transparency-throughout-the-entire-cycle",{"title":297,"path":298,"stem":299,"index":68},"SME Carbon Market Checklist | Vietnam Transparency Governance","/en/part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/transparency-governance-checklist-for-smes-participating-in-the-carbon-market","en/05.part-5-risk-governance-transparency-and-good-practices/10.transparency-governance-checklist-for-smes-participating-in-the-carbon-market",{"title":301,"icon":6,"items":302,"path":310,"stem":311,"children":312,"page":6},"PART 6: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE",[303,304,305,306,307,308,309],"01.globally-what-models-or-strategies-have-small-and-medium-manufacturing-enterprises-in-the-steel","02.globally-what-models-and-strategies-have-businesses-in-the-logistics-distribution-and-warehousin","03.internationally-what-solutions-have-small-and-medium-sized-commercial-buildings-and-real-estate","04.what-cultivation-or-forest-management-models-have-helped-international-agriculture-and-forestry","05.at-the-international-level-what-are-the-business-models-of-companies-providing-esg-consulting-se","06.have-any-countries-successfully-organized-and-implemented-a-collective-carbon-project-model-invo","07.how-do-international-businesses-overcome-the-barrier-of-lacking-internal-technical-capacity-for","/en/part-6-international-experience","en/06.part-6-international-experience",[313,317,321,325,329,333,337],{"title":314,"path":315,"stem":316,"index":97},"Global Steel/Cement SME Emissions Reduction | Carbon Credit Projects","/en/part-6-international-experience/globally-what-models-or-strategies-have-small-and-medium-manufacturing-enterprises-in-the-steel","en/06.part-6-international-experience/01.globally-what-models-or-strategies-have-small-and-medium-manufacturing-enterprises-in-the-steel",{"title":318,"path":319,"stem":320,"index":102},"Global Logistics Emissions Reduction | Route Optimization and EV Fleet","/en/part-6-international-experience/globally-what-models-and-strategies-have-businesses-in-the-logistics-distribution-and-warehousin","en/06.part-6-international-experience/02.globally-what-models-and-strategies-have-businesses-in-the-logistics-distribution-and-warehousin",{"title":322,"path":323,"stem":324,"index":107},"Global Commercial Buildings Emissions | LED Lighting and Smart BMS Solutions","/en/part-6-international-experience/internationally-what-solutions-have-small-and-medium-sized-commercial-buildings-and-real-estate","en/06.part-6-international-experience/03.internationally-what-solutions-have-small-and-medium-sized-commercial-buildings-and-real-estate",{"title":326,"path":327,"stem":328,"index":112},"Global Agroforestry Models | Sustainable Forest Management and REDD+","/en/part-6-international-experience/what-cultivation-or-forest-management-models-have-helped-international-agriculture-and-forestry","en/06.part-6-international-experience/04.what-cultivation-or-forest-management-models-have-helped-international-agriculture-and-forestry",{"title":330,"path":331,"stem":332,"index":117},"Global ESG Consulting Business Models | Carbon Market Services","/en/part-6-international-experience/at-the-international-level-what-are-the-business-models-of-companies-providing-esg-consulting-se","en/06.part-6-international-experience/05.at-the-international-level-what-are-the-business-models-of-companies-providing-esg-consulting-se",{"title":334,"path":335,"stem":336,"index":122},"Collective Carbon Projects | Family Forest Program and Cookstove Models","/en/part-6-international-experience/have-any-countries-successfully-organized-and-implemented-a-collective-carbon-project-model-invo","en/06.part-6-international-experience/06.have-any-countries-successfully-organized-and-implemented-a-collective-carbon-project-model-invo",{"title":338,"path":339,"stem":340,"index":127},"Overcome MRV Technical Capacity | ESG Consulting and Software Solutions","/en/part-6-international-experience/how-do-international-businesses-overcome-the-barrier-of-lacking-internal-technical-capacity-for","en/06.part-6-international-experience/07.how-do-international-businesses-overcome-the-barrier-of-lacking-internal-technical-capacity-for",{"title":342,"path":343,"stem":344},"About Us","/en/about-us","en/about-us",{"id":346,"title":41,"body":347,"description":432,"extension":433,"links":434,"meta":435,"navigation":436,"path":42,"seo":437,"stem":43,"__hash__":448},"docs_en/en/01.part-1-concepts-and-legal-documents-related-to-carbon-credits/04.important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits.md",{"type":348,"value":349,"toc":422},"minimark",[350,355,359,364,371,375,378,383,386,390,393,397,400,404],[351,352,354],"h1",{"id":353},"important-international-legal-instruments-related-to-carbon-credits","Important international legal instruments related to carbon credits?",[356,357,358],"p",{},"Two foundational international agreements have been instrumental in establishing and evolving the global framework for carbon credits and their trading.",[360,361,363],"h2",{"id":362},"the-kyoto-protocol","The Kyoto Protocol",[356,365,366,367],{},"The Kyoto Protocol, operating under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), was the first international treaty to establish legally binding emission reduction targets for developed nations. To achieve these targets, it introduced three market-based mechanisms: Joint Implementation (JI), Emission Trading (ET), and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Together, these mechanisms established the foundational framework for the global carbon market, creating the first large-scale opportunities for trading carbon credits.",[368,369,370],"span",{},"5",[360,372,374],{"id":373},"the-paris-agreement-article-6","The Paris Agreement: Article 6",[356,376,377],{},"The Paris Agreement builds on the principles of the Kyoto Protocol, with Article 6 specifically designed to facilitate international cooperation in achieving more ambitious climate action. It provides pathways for countries to collaborate and opens opportunities for mobilizing financial support. Article 6 is divided into three key components:",[379,380,382],"h3",{"id":381},"article-62","Article 6.2",[356,384,385],{},"Establishes a framework for bilateral or multilateral cooperation. It provides accounting and reporting guidance for countries to use \"Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes\" (ITMOs) toward their national climate pledges, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).",[379,387,389],{"id":388},"article-64","Article 6.4",[356,391,392],{},"Creates a new global carbon market mechanism, often seen as the successor to the Kyoto Protocol's CDM. This mechanism aims to generate high-integrity carbon credits from emission reduction projects that can be traded by public and private entities worldwide.",[379,394,396],{"id":395},"article-68","Article 6.8",[356,398,399],{},"Focuses on non-market approaches to cooperation. This framework promotes climate action through activities like technology transfer, capacity building, and policy development, without the creation or trading of carbon credits.",[360,401,403],{"id":402},"references","References",[405,406,407],"ol",{"start":117},[408,409,410,411,415,416],"li",{},"Tandon, U. (2015). Carbon Trading and Climate Change: An Overview of Legal and Policy Measures. ",[412,413,414],"em",{},"SSRN",". ",[417,418,419],"a",{"href":419,"rel":420},"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2815416",[421],"nofollow",{"title":423,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":424},"",[425,426,431],{"id":362,"depth":102,"text":363},{"id":373,"depth":102,"text":374,"children":427},[428,429,430],{"id":381,"depth":107,"text":382},{"id":388,"depth":107,"text":389},{"id":395,"depth":107,"text":396},{"id":402,"depth":102,"text":403},"Learn about key international agreements shaping carbon credit markets - Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement Article 6. Understand global climate frameworks.","md",null,{},true,{"title":438,"description":439,"keywords":440},"Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement | International Carbon Credit Frameworks","Understand how Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement Article 6 shape global carbon credit markets. Learn about CDM, JI, and international cooperation mechanisms.",[441,442,443,444,445,446,447],"carbon credits Vietnam","carbon market SME","Vietnam ETS","compliance carbon market","voluntary carbon market","Decree 06/2022/ND-CP","MRV system","Oy7b4i03SlcSXfXnl6_6bTMpqx5E5ySg2-fto8qo-xA",[450,452],{"title":37,"path":38,"stem":39,"description":451,"children":-1},"Learn what MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) means for carbon credits. Understand why MRV is critical for project credibility and carbon market participation.",{"title":45,"path":46,"stem":47,"description":453,"children":-1},"Comprehensive guide to Vietnamese carbon market legislation including Decree 06/2022, Decree 119/2025, and Ministry of Agriculture and Environment circulars.",1774949992467]